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Programs that modify the way their therapeutic sessions are structured in order to best meet the individual needs of people who have mental, emotional or social problems or are having difficulty coping with a particular life situation. Included are programs that offer individual, group, family or conjoint counseling, peer counseling, helpline counseling or counseling via the Internet; or which provide self-help materials that are intended to be used in lieu of in-person counseling or other forms of treatment.

Programs that offer therapeutic sessions to help two individuals who are having a problem with their interpersonal relationship identify and resolve their differences and improve their communication. The therapist focuses primarily on their interaction with one another rather than on each person as an individual. Included are couple counseling, sibling counseling, parent/child counseling and other similar groupings.

Programs that offer therapeutic sessions that focus on the system of relationships and communication patterns among family members and which attempt to modify those relationships and patterns to achieve greater harmony. The therapist focuses on the family as a unit rather than concentrating on one of the members who is singled out as the person in need of treatment.

Programs that offer therapist-facilitated collective treatment sessions in which unrelated groups of individuals, couples or families discuss their attitudes, feelings and problems and, with input from other members of the group, attempt to achieve greater self and interpersonal understanding and adjustment and explore solutions to their problems.

Programs that offer personal therapeutic sessions in which the therapist works on a one-to-one basis with clients to help them resolve their mental, emotional or social problems.

Programs that offer individual therapeutic sessions which are facilitated or guided by an individual who is the same age as the client (an age-peer) or who has experienced and resolved the same type of problem as the client.

Programs that offer a telephone service that enables people who are troubled to talk confidentially about their personal problems with an empathetic listener. These programs are often staffed by volunteers who can offer referrals for ongoing treatment, if needed.

Programs that allow mental health professionals to use telecommunications technology including video conferencing, online chat or a phone call to provide psychotherapeutic services including crisis intervention, a mental health assessment and treatment for patients who are having difficulty coping with a traumatic experience, a health crisis or other problems, but are unable to participate in an in-person session or prefer an alternative. Use of telemental health services has a number of benefits such as making access to mental health services available to people who live in rural or remote areas where counselors may be scarce; eliminating a client's need for transportation and any travel-related costs; and making it easier for patients to make time for appointments without having to take time off from work.